General
Information
Nearly
40% of all the tropcal rainforest left in the world is in the
Brazilian
Amazon Rainforest.
It covers about 1/3 of South America and lies across the northern
part of Brazil.
The Amazon Region has two mountain areas. The Brazilian Highlands
is in
the south
and
the
Guianna
Highlands
is
in the far north. Brazil's highest mountain is Pico da Neblina. It
is 9,888 feet above sea level. The largest city in the Amazon Region
is Manaus. Only 7% of Brazil's people live in the rainforest.
In the west 160 inches of rain fall each year. In the east 40 to
80 inches of rain falls yearly.
Name
of the Amazon River
When
the Spanish explorers discovered the river through what is now
Brazil in the 1500s, they were attacked by women warriors. The
explores remembered a Greek legend about women warriors called
Amazons. The explorers named the river after them. The Amazon
River flows through the northern part of Brazil and empties into
the Atlantic Ocean. The river is 4050 miles long. Its basin covers
2,700,000 square miles.



Climate
There are two seasons: one from November
to May, during which it rains practically every day, for various hours,
and another from June to October, known as the dry season, when heavy
but short periods of rain can fall. The climate of the jungle is essentially
characterised by humidity that varies from between 80% to 100%, depending
on the seasons, and the temperature, which varies little, is on average
about 28†C.
Wildlife
The Amazon Rainforest is home to about 40,000 kinds of trees and
plants, 2,000 species of fish, more than 8,000 insect species,
more than 1,500 bird species, and 600 mammals. Many of these
animals can not be found anywhere else on Earth. Some of
the rainforest’s rare animals include the caiman crocodile,
the morpho butterfly, the spotted ocelot, the river otter,
and the emerald boa, toucans, macaws and cock-of-the rocks,
jaguars, anteaters, the three-toed sloth, and tapirs.


